Furnace.



F. PEITER.

FURNACE. K APPLICATION FILED MAY 2e. 1919.

.318,690 Patented III-I. 14,1919.

ATTO R N EYS T FFQGE.

FREDERICK PEITER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

FURNACE.

ASpecificatitm of Letters atent.

'rat-enten oct. ii, raie.

Application led May 2 8, 1919. Serial No. $0,290.

' To LLL whom it 'may concern chamber Be it known that l, FREDERICK Penna, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces; and l do hereby declare the following -to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters ot reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification,

,The present invention relates, generally, to improvements in boiler settings or furnaces; and the invention relates, more pary ticularly, to a novel construction and arrangementof boiler setting or furnace adapted to burn waste, such as bagasse, tan chips, peat, lignite or any fuel having a large content of water, in a manner to develop a high thermal etliciency, and at the same time to so distribute the heat of the iiame that no part of the furnace is heated to a point endangering or unduly shortening the life of the refractories.

. The invention has for its principal object to provide a boiler settingr furnace comprising three main parts, to wit, a generator to dry and gasify the fuel; a combustion from which there is no direct transfer of heat to the ultimate obj ect to be heated, e. g. the boiler, thus insuring a high temperature to the air and the remaining unconsumed combustible gas as it lea-ves the combustion chamber; and a inutile chamber in which to complete combustion of the gas before it is permitted to contact with the surfaces of the ultimate object to be heated, c. g.- the boiler.

- Another object of the present invention is to provide, in connection with a novel boiler setting or furnace of the character above mentioned, t means for delivering to the combustion chamber a supply of auxiliary or secondary air in preheated condition, the same being adapted to supply additional oxygen for 'supporting the combustion o gases delivered from the generator, and preventing undue chilling of gases within the combustion chamber which would tend t0 interfere with its due ignition.

Other objects of the present invention, not at this time more particularly enumerated,

will be clearly understood from the following detailed description of the same.

With invention in view, the same consists, primarily, in the novel construction of boiler setting or furnace hereinafter set forth; and the invention consists, furthermore, in the novel arrangements and combinations of' the various devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of said parts, all of which will be more fully described in the following specication, and then finally embodied in the claims appended thereto.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through one unit of a boiler setting` or furnace made according to and embodying the principles of my present invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on line the` variousobjects of my present 2-2 in said Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line 8-3 in said Fig. l; and Fig. t is a transverse section taken on line l-4 in said Fig. l.

Similar characters of reference are em'- ployed in all of the hereinabove mentioned views to indicate corresponding parts.

Before proceding to a detailed description of the construction of my novel boiler setting or furnace, I will describe the character of fuel it is designed to burn, functions and operation of my 'invention will be more clearly understood. I will take bagasse as illustrative of the character oil fuel which may be utilized in my novel furnace, and what is said with respect to bagass'e, is also true with respect to any fuel substance that is composed of cellulose or.

any fuel of high moisture content.

Bagasse, which is the refuse from sugar mills, has a moisture content of from 45 to 60 per cent., the remainder being cellulose. Taking bagasse with a moisture content of 45 per cent., the remaining cellulose would consist, substantially of 27?; per cent. carbon and 27- per cent. inert matter e. inert as far as heat value is concerned). The only source of heat in such a fuel is the carbon,

f 'the moisture and inert matter being drawbacks. This fuel when gasied in a generator will yield a. gas of about the following composition to wit, CO 22% per centr-C()2 1.04 per cent.-N (3.76 per centr-Hl@ (va` por) 29.7 per cent. A gas of this composition at 60o F. (considering the water still .85 s0 that the Located in the rear It will be apparent that this fuel providesl but a very lean gas contaming only about 22% per cent. of combusti le. It will therefore be clear that to use the same advantageously, not only must oxygen contained in secondary or auxiliary air be supplied to support its combustion, but suiicient time vmust be allowed to permit the molecules of oxygen to find the molecules of combustible, consequently provision must be made for a longl flame. The gas thus produced is slow burning and posseses a comparatively low lia-me temperature, consequently provision must be made to assure that all combustion 'be completed before it is allowed to come in contact with the comparatively low temperature of the boiler surfaces, particularly since the chemical reaction between the combustible an the oxygen ceases at a com,- paratively high temperature, and for the further reasonthat if the combustible cools against the boiler wallsA it decomposes pro ducing carbon which deposits itself as soot, thus reducing the e'liiciency of the heat conductivity of the boiler surfaces.

It is a purpose of my present invention to provide a construction and arrangement of furnace which will efficiently generate a gas of the character above described, and which will then control the combustion of such gas in such a way as to provide the most advantageous conditions for securing the best thermal eliciency possible according to the reduirements above noted. To this end provide the following novel construction of boiler setting or furnace.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the reference character 1 indicates the complete boiler setting or furnace, the same comprising a generator chamber 2 in its forward end, provided with a grate 3 in its lower portion, and a feed hopper opening 4 in its upper or top wall. The side wall of said generator chamber 2 is provided with a primary air intake opening 5 situated beneath the grate 3.

' Arranged in back of said generator cham-- ber 2 is a combustion chamber 6, separated fronrthe former by the partition Wall 7, in which are the openings or passages 8 leading fromthc upper 'end of said generator chamber into the said combustion chamber. Situated in back of ,said generator chamber 2 and beneath the forward endof said com bastion chamber 6 is a secondary or auxiliary air chamber 9, from which extend upwardly into communication with the -lower end of said combustion chamber a series of secondary or auxiliary air delivery ports l0. of said combustion chamber 6, and below the same, so that its forward end communicates with said combustion chamber by means of an opening or passage 11 in the bottom of the latter isa mu e chamber 12, which extends longitudinally'beneath the boiler chamber 13, in which the boiler 14 is mounted, and which is divided from said boiler chamber by a horizontal arched partition or mufe wall 15 provoided with a plurality of escape ports,

heat of the flaming gesidwithin said inutile Achamber is transmit@ conduit 18 so that the temperature of the nduction to said.

air passing therethrough into the secondary or auxiliary air chamber 9 is raised or the air is preheated before delivery to the latter, and from the latter into said combustion chamber 6. The heated gases resulting from the process of combustion within said inutile chamber escape through the ports 16 of the Inutile wall l5 into the boiler chamber 13, so as to Contact with the bottom 19 of the boiler shell, and are thence drawn through the boiler tubes 20, and thence into the draft flue 2l.

The bagasse, or other fuel, is deposited through the feed hopper opening 4 into the generator chamber 2, and" is piled on the grate 3, there to be ignited anda'lurneda suthcient quantity of primary air to support the combustion being delivered beneath the grate through the opening 5. rlhe burning of the bagasse Within the generator chamber drives oft' the moisture and gasifies the fuel, producing a combustible, but lean gas, which 1s vented into the combustion chamber 6 through the communicating openings or assages 8. Within the combustion chamer 6 the ignited and burning gas meets with the secondary or auxiliary supply of preheated air deliveredvfrom the chamber 9 through the delivery ports 10. ySaid secondary or auxiliary air being preheated prevents the gas with which it mixes within the combustion `chamber from chilling at this first point of combustion, thus assuring thorough ignition of the assuring an" adequate4 additlonal. supply of oxygen to support the combustion thereof. The burning gas stream is delivered through `the opening or passage 11 into the muiie h temperature waste gases gas, as well as rough the mulile ports 16 words until combustion of the gas is complete, so that, consequently, unconsumed combustible is reduced to a minimum whereby the boiler chamber and boiler flues are kept practically clear of soot deposits, and whereby the full thermal eticiency'of the gas is attained when finally delivered through the mule ports into the boiler chamber.

It will thus be clearly understood that my novel construction and arrangement of boiler setting or furnace provides all the structural necessities for the most efficient.

use of fuels such as bagasse, or other cellulose containing substances, and other fuels having high moisturecontent according to the requirements above outlined.

For convenience I provide at the rear end of said muile chamber, or in other convenient location in relation thereto, an oil burner 22 fed by a supply pipe 22. This burner may be used to introduce oil' fuel` invention as set forth in the foregoing speci-V ication, and as defined in the appended claims. Hence, I do not limit 'my invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of parts as described iii/said specification, nor do I confine myself to the exact details of the construction of said parts as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

l. In a device of the kind described, a as generator chamber, 'a combustion cham er communicating with Said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the lat ter, means for supplying auxiliary air to said combustion chamber for mixture with said gas, a muiiie chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated mulile wall covering said muflie chamber, and a chamber above said muflie wall -in which is located the ultimate object to be heated.

2. In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber, a combustion chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, means for supplying auxiliary air to said combustion chamber formixture with said gas, a muile chamberinto which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, ay perforated muflle wall covering saidl muliie chamber, a chamber above said mufile wall in which is located the ultimate object to be heated, and means for preheating said auxiliary air prior to delivery to said combustion chamber.

3; In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber, a combustion chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, an auxiliary air chamber below said combustionl chamber, an intervening wall between said combustion chamber. and said auxiliary air chamber provided with a' plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter.to the former, a muflie chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muflle Wall covering said muiHe chamber, and a chamber above said mutlle wall in which is located the ultimate object to be heated.

4. In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber, a combustion chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, an auxiliary air chamber below said combustion chamber, an.I intervening wall between said combustion chamber and said auxiliary airchamber providedwith a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a muille chamber into whichv the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muile wall covering said muflie chamber, a chamber above said mulile wall in which is located the ultimate object to be heated, and means for delivering preheated auxiliary air to said auxiliary air chamber.

5. In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber, a combustiGn chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, an auxiliary air chamber below said combustion chamber, an intervening wall between said combustion chamber and said auxiliary air chamber provided with a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a inuiile chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muflle wall covering said muflle chamber, a chamllber above said muiile wall in which is l0- cated the ultimate object to be heated, and means for delivering preheated auxiliary air to said auxiliary air chamber comprising an air conduit leading into said auxiliary air chamber embedded in the fioor of said muflle chamber. l

6. In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber provided with a grate and means for delivering primary air beneath said grate, the upper wall of said generator chamber havin-0' a feed hopper opening through which fuel may be `de posited upon said grate, a combustion chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive'a generated gas from the latter, means for supplying secondary air to said combustion chamber for mixture with said gas, a mule chamber into which the burning bustion c amber, a perforated muiiie Wall covering said muflie chamber, a boiler chamber above said munie Wall, and a boiler air to said combustion chamber for mixture with said gas, a muii'le chamber' into which the burning' gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perfonted muiile Wall covering said muille chamber, a boiler chamber above saidl muilie Wall, a boiler mounted Within said boiler chamber, and means for prehcating said auxiliary air prior to delivery to said combustion chamber.

8, In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber provided with a grate and means for delivering primary air beneath said grate, the upper Wall of said generator chamber havingl a feed hopper opening through which fuel may be deposited upon said grate, a combustion chamber communicating'- With said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, a secondary air chamber belovv said combustion chamber, an intervening wall between said combustion chamber and said air chamber provided with a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a mui'lle chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, aperforated muliie Wall covering said muiiie chamber, a boiler chamber above' said muilie Wall, and a boiler mounted Within said boilerfchamber.

9. ln a device of the kind describeda gas generator chamber provided with a grate and means for delivering primary air be neath said grate, the upper vvall of said generator chamber having a feed hopper opening through which 'ucl may be desited upon said grate, a combustion chamer communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, a secondary air chamber below said combustion chamber, an intervening Wall between said combustion chamber and said air chamber provided with a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a muie chamber into Which the burning as' is discharged from said combustion c amber, a vperforated metile wall covering said muille chamber, a boiler I chamber above said lmuuie wall, a boiler as is discharged from said cornamaca@ mounted Within said` boiler chamber, and

secondary air chamber,

10. In a device of the kind described, a,

gas generator chamber provided With a lgratei and means for delivering primary air beneath said grate, the upper Wall of said generator chamber having a feed hopper opening through which fuel maybe deposited upon said grate, a combustion chamber communie-ating with -said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, a secondary air chamber below said combustion chamber, an interveninfr wall between said combustion chamber an said air chamber provided With a plurality of air delivery ports' leading from the latter to the former, a mulile chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated mue Wall covering said mulie chamber, a boiler chamber above said muille Wall, av boiler mounted Within said boiler chamber, and means for delivering preheated air Ato said secondary air chamber comprising an air conduit .leading into said air chamber embedded in the floor of said muiiie chamber.

l1. ln a device of the kind described, a

gas generator' chamber provided with 'a grate and means for delivering primary air beneath said grate, the upper Wall oigfsaid generator chamber having a feed hlibper opening through which fuel may be deposited upon said grate, a combustion chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, a secondary air chamber below said combustion chamber, Van intervenin wall between saidfcombustion chamber an said air chamber provided with a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a muiile chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muilie Wall covering' said muiie chamber, a boiler chamber above said muflie Wall, a boiler mounted Within said boiler chamber, means for deliverino4 preheated air to'said secondary air cham er comprising an air conduit leading into said air chambere bedded in the Hoor of said. muiiie chamber, and an oil-burner device operatively' mounted in connection with "said mums chamber.

12.` In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber p ifovided with a grate and means for delivering air beneath said grate, the upper Wall of. said generator chamber havin eed hepper openini through which del may be depositefupon said grate, a combustion chem ber connnunicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter a swsndary' air chamber below said combusti/,ib chamber, an interveningne ies wall between said combustionichamber' and said air chamber provided with a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a lmuiiie chamber into which -chamber above said muiile wall, a boiler lmounted witlnn said boiler chamber, and

vin connection with said muiiie chamber.

an oil-burner device operatively mounted 13. 'In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber, a combustion chainer communicating with said generator chamber to receive Aa generated gas from the latter an auxiliary air chamber below said com ustion chamber, an intervening wall between said combustion chamber and said auxiliary air chamber provided with a plurality of air delivery ports leading from the latter to the former, a muie' chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muiiie Wall coverin said muiiie chamber, a chamber above sai vmuflle wall in which is locatedthe ultimate object to be heated, and means for delivering preheated a'uxiliary air to sai-d auxiliary air chamber comprising an air conduit leadin into said auxiliary air chamber embedded in the floor of said muiiie chamber, and an oil-burner device operatively mounted in connection with said muiie chamber.

14. In a device of the kind described, a as generator chamber, a combustion chamer communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, an auxiliary air chamber below said combustion chamber,4 an intervening wall between said combustion chamber and saidauxiliary air chamber provided. with a plurality of air deliveryports leading from the latter to the former, a muile chamber into which theburning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muiiie wall covering said muiiie chamber, a chamber above said muiiie wall in which is located the ultimate object to be heated, and an oil-burner device operatively mounted in connection with said muiiie chamber.

'15. In a device of the kind described, a gas generator chamber, a combustion chamber communicating with said generator chamber to receive a generated gas from the latter, means for supplying auxiliary air to said combustion chamber for mixture with said gas, a muile chamber into which the burning gas is discharged from said combustion chamber, a perforated muiie wall covering said muile chamber, a chamber above said muie wall in which is located the ultimate object to be heated, and an oilburner device .operatively mounted in connection with said muiie chamber.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my I hand this 23rd day of May, 1919.

Witnesses:

GEORGE D. RICHARDS, BEATRICE SONTAG.

FREDERICK PEITER' 

